SPOT TL;DR

Spotify launched in 2008 in Sweden and transformed how the world listens to music. It went public via direct listing in 2018 and spent years growing subscribers while struggling with profitability — music labels take roughly 70% of streaming revenue. In 2023-2024, Spotify finally cracked the code: price increases, podcast monetization, and aggressive cost cuts (1,500 layoffs) drove the company to its first sustained profits.

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